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This is where you'll start your journey. Once
you find out what skills you have and what you're really interested
in, then you can begin thinking about the kinds of jobs you'd
like to do. But you have to think about your skills, interests,
and work values first! The following links will help you.
The term Self-help can refer to any case whereby an individual or a group, such as a support group, betters themselves economically, intellectually or emotionally. The connotations of the phrase often apply particularly to education, business, psychological or psychotherapeutic nostrums, purveyed through the popular genre of the "self-help" books and self-help personal development movements.
Before a social movement in any cultural group develops enough size, tradition, expertise and social recognition, it undergoes the self help phase of group development. When any social group reaches a certain size (about 80 members), the pattern with human adults seems to be that it will develop a self help "faction" that may eventually bud off (or break away) from the parent group. Often competing larger groups may try to dismiss or otherwise minimize the break away group by describing it as "self help" since its expertise is not supposedly so significant nor true as the older group.
The concept of self-help has also found purchase, however, in more expansive genres. For many people, self-help has become a way of saving cost especially in legal settings, with self-help services available to help with routine legal matters from filing wills to domestic processes to recording property deeds. In merchandising, tendencies toward self-help have in recent years resulted in automated self-check-out payments systems. Self-help fuel pumps replaced full-service petroleum pumps in the United States in the late 20th Century.
The diverse genres in which self-help concepts are applied are bound together by an expansion of technologies that empower individuals to conduct both trivial and profound activities. Self-help book publishing arose from decentralization of ideology, from a growth of publishing industries using expanded printing technologies and at the pinnacle of growth, from the spread of new psychological sciences. Likewise, self-help legal services grew around expanded access to document production technology. The Internet, and the ever-expanding selection of commercial and information services it offers, is an example of movement toward self-help on a grand scale. This integration has produced a new cadre of tools, such as books with a unique passcode printed on each copy that enable the reader to take an online test quantifying where their skills stand in the concepts taught by the book. (Bradberry and Greaves, 2005)
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Self-assessment in an organisational setting, according to the EFQM definition, refers to a comprehensive, systematic and regular review of an organisation's activities and results referenced against the EFQM Excellence Model. Click on image below for further information concerting Self-exploration in a career setting.
The Self-assessment process allows the organisation to discern clearly its strengths and areas in which improvements can be made and culminates in planned improvement actions which are then monitored for progress. Self-assessment in an educational setting involves students making judgements about their own work. Assessment decisions can be made by students on their own essays, reports, projects, presentations, performances, dissertations, and even exam scripts. Self-assessment can be extremely valuable in helping students to critique their own work, and form judgements about its strengths and weaknesses. For obvious reasons, self-assessment is more usually used as part of a formative assessment process, rather than a summative one, where it requires certification by others. |
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See also
External links
References
- Roberts T S (ed.) (2006), Self, Peer, And Group Assessment In E-Learning, Information Science Publishing, Hershey, Pennsylvania, ISBN 1-59140-965-9 (hardback) 1-59140-966-7 (paperback).
An Aptitude is an innate inborn ability to do a certain kind of work. Aptitudes may be physical or mental. Many of them have been identified and are testable.
In a Support Group, members provide each other with various types of nonprofessional, nonmaterial help for a particular shared burdensome characteristic. The help may take the form of providing relevant information, relating personal experiences, listening to others' experiences, providing sympathetic understanding and establishing social networks. A support group may also provide ancillary support, such as serving as a public relations voice or engaging in advocacy.
- Maintaining contact
- Self-help or Professionally run
- On-line support groups
- Other categories
- History
- Support groups in the media
Open Learning is a teaching method that is, among others, founded on the work of Célestin Freinet and Maria Montessori. Open learning is supposed to allow pupils self-determined, independent and interest-guided learning. More recent work on open learning has been conducted by the pedagogues Hans Brügelmann, Falko Peschel, Jörg Ramseger and Wulf Wallrabenstein.
See also
Active Learning, as the name suggests, is a process whereby learners are actively engaged in the learning process. This process if often contrasted against the "passivity" which occurs when observing a lecture.
Students who actively engage with the material are more likely to recall information later and be able to use that information in different contexts. However, adopting active learning does not mean eliminating the lecture format. Activities that encourage student involvement are incorporated into the teaching plan. Example activities include: class discussion, small group discussion, debate, posing questions to the class, short written exercises and polling the class. Active learning often involves team-based learning, also known as cooperative learning, wherein partners or group members work together to solve problems. This ensures that students really understand the concepts being covered. Team learning is especially beneficial in that ‘weaker’ students are presented with the material from a source other than the professor (i.e. their partner/group mates) and ‘stronger’ students reinforce their knowledge by explaining the material to others.
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- Active Learning: Creating Excitement in the Classroom. ERIC Digest. The original version of this article is from this public domain site.
- New Directions for Cooperative Education. ERIC Digest.
- The Essential Elements of Cooperative Learning in the Classroom. ERIC Digest.
- Active learning section of Geoff Petty's practical guide on improving teaching and learning.
- Active Learning and Library Instruction
An Internet Forum is a facility on the World Wide Web for holding discussions, or the web application software used to provide the facility. Web-based forums, which date from around 1995, perform a similar function as the dial-up bulletin boards and Internet newsgroups that were numerous in the 1980s and 1990s. A sense of virtual community often develops around forums that have regular users. Technology, computer games, and politics are popular areas for forum themes, but there are forums for a huge number of different topics [1].
Internet forums are also commonly referred to as web forums, message boards, discussion boards, discussion forums, discussion groups, bulletin boards (but see also dial-up bulletin boards), fora (the Latin plural) or simply forums.
- Message Boards at the Open Directory Project
- Online Communities: Directories at the Open Directory Project
- Discussion Forum for Career Planning and Development
In psychology, Motivation refers to the initiation, direction, intensity and persistence of behavior (Geen, 1995). Motivation is a temporal and dynamic state that should not be confused with personality or emotion. Motivation is having the encouragement to do something. A motivated person can be reaching for a long-term goal such as becoming a professional writer or a more short-term goal like learning how to spell a particular word. Personality invariably refers to more or less permanent characteristics of an individual's state of being (e.g., shy, extrovert, conscientious). As opposed to motivation, emotion refers to temporal states that do not immediately link to behavior (e.g., anger, grief, happiness).
- History of the concept
- Psychobiology of drives
- Regulation of Behavior
- Social and self regulation
- Controlling motivation
- Applications in education and instructional design
- Applications in business
- Behavior
- Equity theory
- Human behavior
- Humanistic psychology
- Human Potential Movement
- Organizational behavior
- Personality
- Preference
- Successories
- Victor Vroom
- operant conditioning
- Alfie Kohn (ISBN 0618001816) [1]
- References
Mentoring refers to a developmental relationship between a more experienced mentor and a less experienced partner referred to as a mentee or protégé. Usually - but not necessarily - the mentor/protégé pair will be of the same sex.
- Womens Business Empowerment Network
- Kinship Mentoring Network
- Big Brothers Big Sisters of America
- MENTOR/National Mentoring Partnership
- The differences between coaching and mentoring
- Teacher Mentoring
- New Perspectives on Mentoring
- The Mentoring of Disadvantaged Youth
- Teacher Mentoring: A Critical Review
- Principal Mentoring
- Mosaic Multicultural Foundation, Cross-cultural and youth mentoring relationships.
Decision-making is the cognitive process leading to the selection of a course of action among alternatives. Every decision making process produces a final choice called a decision. It can be an action or an opinion. It begins when we need to do something but we do not know what. Therefore, decision-making is a reasoning process which can be rational or irrational, and can be based on explicit assumptions or tacit assumptions.
Common examples include shopping, deciding what to eat, and deciding whom or what to vote for in an election or referendum.
Decision making is said to be a psychological construct. This means that although we can never "see" a decision, we can infer from observable behaviour that a decision has been made. Therefore, we conclude that a psychological event that we call "decision making" has occurred. It is a construction that imputes commitment to action. That is, based on observable actions, we assume that people have made a commitment to affect the action.
Structured rational decision making is an important part of all science-based professions, where specialists apply their knowledge in a given area to making informed decisions. For example, medical decision making often involves making a diagnosis and selecting an appropriate treatment. Some research using naturalistic methods shows, however, that in situations with higher time pressure, higher stakes, or increased ambiguities, experts use intuitive decision making rather than structured approaches, following a recognition primed decision approach to fit a set of indicators into the expert's experience and immediately arrive at a satisfactory course of action without weighing alternatives.
Due to the large number of considerations involved in many decisions, computer-based decision support systems have been developed to assist decision makers in considering the implications of various courses of thinking. They can help reduce the risk of human errors. The systems which try to realize some human/cognitive decision making functions are called Intelligent Decision Support Systems (IDSS), see for ex. "An Approach to the Intelligent Decision Advisor (IDA) for Emergency Managers, 1999".
- Decision making style
- Cognitive and personal biases in decision making
- Cognitive neuroscience of decision making
- Decision making in groups
- Decision making in one's personal life
- Decision making in healthcare
- Path dependency
- Decision making in business and management
- Decision-makers and influencers
- References
In organizational development (OD), or group dynamics, the phrase Group Process refers to the understanding of the behavior of people in groups, such as task groups that are trying to solve a problem or make a decision. An individual with expertise in group process, such as a trained facilitator, can assist a group in accomplishing its objective by diagnosing how well the group is functioning as a problem-solving or decision-making entity and intervening to alter the group's operating behavior.
Because people gather in groups for reasons other than task accomplishment, group process occurs in other types of groups such as personal growth groups (e.g. encounter groups, study groups, prayer groups). In such cases, an individual with expertise in group process can be helpful in the role of facilitator.
Well researched but rarely mentioned by professional group workers, is the social status of people within the group ( (i.e., senior or junior). The group leader (or facilitator) will usually have a strong influence on the group due to his or her role of shaping the group's outcomes. This influence will also be affected by the leader's sex, race, relative age, income, appearance, and personality, as well as organizational structures and many other factors.
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