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Business Communication Design

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Business Communication - Advanced

 

Rationale

Communication is the sharing of knowledge by a number of means. These include visual methods such as sign language, auditory, such as voice and music, and physical, such as touch.

Business Communication And The AIDA Model

Human communication refers to the social interaction of sharing information for the purpose of 1. understanding, 2. social connection. As social animals, communication facilitates our natural and innate desire to connect with one another, create interpersonal relationships and maintain and encourage social bonds. Communication allows humans to express the shared set of physical, emotional and psychological needs that are alive inside us at any given moment. When we experience need-deprivation or need-satisfaction, communication allows us to give this information to others for the purpose of enriching life for ourselves and others. Enriching life refers to the innate human desire to contribute to our own and others well-being through the process of interacting socially and connecting empathetically.

As developed below, communication happens at many levels (even for one single action), in many different ways, and for all beings, and some machines. Many or all, fields of study dedicate some attention to communication, so when speaking about communication it is very important to be sure about what kind of communication are we speaking about, mainly: what type of things are communicated, between what agents, and with what kind of results. Communi custodia, is the Latin term for a writ which lay for a lord whose tenant holding by knight's service died and left his eldest son under age, against a stranger who entered the land and obtained the wardship.

Communication as a named and unified discipline has a history of contestation that goes back to the Socratic dialogues, in many ways making it the first and most contestatory of all early sciences and philosophies. Seeking to define "communication" as a static word or unified discipline may not be as important as understanding communication as a family of resemblances with a plurality of definitions as Ludwig Wittgenstein had put forth. Some definitions are broad, recognizing that animals can communicate, and some are more narrow, only including human beings within the parameters of human symbolic interaction.

Nonetheless, communication is usually described along three major dimensions: content, form, and destination. In the advent of "noise" (internal psychological noise and/or physical realities) these three components of communication often become skewed and inaccurate. (between parties, communication content include acts that declare knowledge and experiences, give advice and commands, and ask questions. These acts may take many forms, including gestures (nonverbal communication, sign language and body language), writing, or verbal speaking. The form depends on the symbol systems used.

Communication Graph

 

Together, communication content and form make messages that are sent towards a destination. The target can be oneself, another person (in interpersonal communication), or another entity (such as a corporation or group).

There are many theories of communication, and a commonly held assumption is that communication must be directed towards another person or entity. This essentially ignores intrapersonal communication (note intra-, not inter-) via diaries or self-talk.

Interpersonal conversation can occur in dyads and groups of various sizes, and the size of the group impacts the nature of the talk. Small-group communication takes place in settings of between three and 12 individuals, and differs from large group interaction in companies or communities. This form of communication formed by a dyad and larger is sometimes referred to as the psychological model of communication where in a message is sent by a sender through channel to a receiver. At the largest level, mass communication describes messages sent to huge numbers of individuals through mass media, although there is debate if this is an interpersonal conversation.

 

 

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Self Test

 

Learning Outcomes

After completing the course, students will be able to

 

In addition, course activities have been designed to help you work constructively in groups and coach other class members as you would coach fellow employees at work.

 

 

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Achieving Success Through Effective Business Communication. Communicating Interculturally.

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Business Communication There are several types of business communications. The most common one, business to consumer, is any communication used to promote a product, service, or organization - with the objective of making a sale or increasing the likelihood of future sales.

Business Communication encompasses a huge body of knowledge including Marketing, Branding, Customer relations, Consumer behaviour, Advertising, Public relations, Media relations, Corporate communication, Community engagement, Research & Measurement, Reputation management, Interpersonal communication, Employee engagement, Online communication, and Event management.
Doing business in China is a four letter word

 

The Business Communication message is conveyed through various channels of communication including The Internet, Print (Publications), Radio, Television, Ambient, Outdoor, and Word of mouth.

This course introduces critical issues in business communication and helps participants master skills needed to achieve their potential as business professionals. The course teaches a strategic approach to business communication that can be applied to a variety of situations. The course also ensures participants have mastered fundamentals of creating and delivering oral presentations, writing letters and memos, preparing graphics, editing, and using standard English. In addition, participants select two specialties for independent or group work, such as strategic planning communication, marketing communication, managing press relations, or negotiation.

This course is designed to help students develop and refine both their written and oral communication skills through application exercises, group presentations, and on-line interactions with the instructor and classmates. Topics that are covered in this course include: building goodwill; adapting messages to your audience; making your writing easy to read; the writing process; designing documents; writing letters, memos, and e-mails; using graphs and visuals, making oral presentations, and job hunting tools. More specifically the core objectives of the module are

 

Negotiation is the process where interested parties resolve disputes, agree upon courses of action, bargain for individual or collective advantage, and/or attempt to craft outcomes which serve their mutual interests. Negotiation is usually regarded as a form of alternative dispute resolution. The first step in negotiation is to determine whether the situation is in fact a negotiation. The essential qualities of negotiation are: the existence of two parties who share an important objective but have some significant difference(s). The purpose of the negotiating conference to seek to compromise the difference(s). The outcome of the negotiating conference may be a compromise satisfactory to both sides, a standoff (failure to reach a satisfactory compromise) or a standoff with an agreement to try again at a later time. Negotiation differs from "influencing" and "group decision making." See diagram below.

Comparison Among Group Activities

 

See also

 

External links

 

 

TDK TDK

 

 

 

Communicating in Teams and Mastering Listening and Nonverbal Communication

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Readings

 

Active listening is an intent "listening for meaning" in which the listener checks with the speaker to see that a statement has been correctly heard and understood. The goal of active listening is to improve mutual understanding.

When interacting, people often are not listening attentively to one another. They may be distracted, thinking about other things, or thinking about what they are going to say next, (the latter case is particularly true in conflict situations or disagreements).

Active listening is a structured way of listening and responding. It focuses attention on the speaker. Suspending one’s own frame of reference and suspending judgement, are important in order to fully attend to the speaker. It is also important to observe the other person's behavior and body language. Having heard, the listener may then paraphrase the speaker’s words. It is important to note that the listener is not necessarily agreeing with the speaker—simply stating what was said. In emotionally charged communications, the listener may listen for feelings. Thus, rather than merely repeating what the speaker has said, the active listener might describe the underlying emotion (“you seem to feel angry” or “you seem to feel frustrated, is that because…?”).
Levels of Active Listening

 

Individuals in conflict often contradict one another. This has the effect of denying the validity of the other person’s position. This can make one defensive, and they may either lash out, or withdraw. On the other hand, if one finds that the other partly understands, an atmosphere of cooperation can be created. This increases the possibility of collaborating and resolving the conflict.

Active listening is used in a wide variety of situations, including interviews in employment, counseling and journalistic settings. In groups it may aid in reaching consensus. It may also be used in casual conversation to build understanding.

The benefits of active listening include getting people to open up, avoiding misunderstandings, resolving conflict and building trust.

External links

 

Nonverbal communication (NVC) is usually understood as the process of sending and receiving wordless messages. Such messages can be communicated through gesture; body language or posture; facial expression and eye gaze; object communication such as clothing, hairstyles or even architecture; symbols and infographics; prosodic features of speech such as intonation and stress and other paralinguistic features of speech such as voice quality, emotion and speaking style.

Nonverbal Communication Interface

 

Scholars in this field usually use a strict sense of the term "verbal", meaning "of or concerned with words," and do not use "verbal communication" as a synonym for oral or spoken communication. Thus, sign languages and writing are generally understood as forms of verbal communication, as both make use of words - although like speech, both may contain paralinguistic elements and often occur alongside nonverbal messages. Nonverbal communication can occur through any sensory channel - sight, sound, smell, touch or taste. Nonverbal communication is also distinguished from unconscious communication, which may be verbal or non-verbal.

 

See also

 

External links


 
Direct and Indirect Communication Strategies. Planning Business Messages.
  Tutorials

 

Readings

 

Strategic management of media assets for optimizing market communication strategies, obtaining a sustainable competitive advantage and maximizing return on investment: An empirical study

 


Writing Business Messages. Completing Business Messages
 

Tutorials

 

Readings

 

Punctuation is the act and the effect of punctuating, i.e., using punctuation marks.[1]

Punctuation Tree

Punctuation marks are symbols that correspond to neither phonemes (sounds) of a language nor to lexemes (words and phrases), but which serve to indicate the structure and organization of writing, as well as intonation and pauses to be observed when reading it aloud. See orthography.

The rules of punctuation vary with language, location, register, and time, and are constantly evolving. Certain aspects of punctuation are stylistic, and thus the author's choice. A separate consideration should be reserved to tachygraphic language forms such as those used in chats and telephonic short messages. An English language bibliography may be found at the end of this article.

 

 

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Writing Routine Messages. Writing Negative Messages. Writing Persuasive Messages
 

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Readings

 

A Letter is a written message from one person to another. The role of letters in communication has changed significantly since the 19th century. Historically, letters were the only reliable means of communication between two persons in different locations. As communication technology has diversified, letters have become less important as routine communication.

The development of the telegraph, telephone, and the Internet have all had an impact on the writing and sending of letters. In modern industrialized nations, the exchange of personal letters has become less common, being replaced by technologies such as the telephone and e-mail. By analogy, the term letter is sometimes used for e-mail messages with a formal letter-like format. Historically, letters exist from the time of ancient Egypt and Sumer, through Rome and Greece and China, up to the present day. Letters make up several of the books of the Christian Bible. Archives of correspondence, whether for personal, diplomatic, or business reasons, serve as primary sources for historians.

 

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Modern British and American business letter

 
Another example of an English business letter

A Business Letter is a letter written in a formal language, usually used when writing from one business organization to another, or for correspondence between such organizations and their customers, clients and other external parties. Business letters usually follow a block format.

 

External links

 

 

A Rejection Letter is a form of communication, print or otherwise, indicating the refusal of assent (viz: rejection) of a recommended course. There are numerous types and subtypes of rejection letters. Certain cultural habits surround every type of rejection letter, such as:

1. Obsessive scrutiny of grammar and spelling; that is, criticizing the evident intelligence of the person or organization that just rejected oneself.

2. The collection of rejection letters, as well as displaying them, or ironically treating them as religious or spiritual fetishes.

 My favorite rejection letter

 


Finding, Evaluating, and Processing Information. Writing Strategies for Reports and Proposals
 

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Readings

 

Business Intelligence (BI) has two basic different meanings related to the use of the term intelligence. The primary, less frequently, is the human intelligence capacity applied in business affairs/activities. Intelligence of Business is a new field of the investigation of the application of human cognitive faculties and artificial intelligence technologies to the management and decision support in different business problems, see ( BI as a cognitive capacity).

 

Leading for Success with your Business Intelligence Initiative: Part 4

 

The second, which is the subject of this article, relates to the intelligence as information valued for its currency and relevance. It is expert information, knowledge and technologies efficient in the management of organizational and individual business. Therefore, in this sense, business intelligence is a broad category of applications and technologies for gathering, providing access to, and analyzing data for the purpose of helping enterprise users make better business decisions. The term implies having a comprehensive knowledge of all of the factors that affect your business. It is imperative that you have an in depth knowledge about factors such as your customers, competitors, business partners, economic environment, and internal operations to make effective and good quality business decisions. Business intelligence enables you to make these kinds of decisions.

A specialized field of business intelligence known as competitive intelligence focuses solely on the external competitive environment. Information is gathered on the actions of competitors and decisions are made based on this information. Little if any attention is paid to gathering internal information.

 

See also

 

Social Research refers to research conducted by social scientists (primarily within sociology, but also within other disciplines such as social policy, human geography, political science, social anthropology and education. Sociologists and other social scientists study diverse things: from census data on hundreds thousands of human beings, through the in-depth analysis of a life of a single important person to monitoring what is happening on a streets today - or what was happening few hundreds years ago.

 

Economic and Social Research Institute

Social scientists use many different methods in order to describe, explore and understand social life. Social methods can generally be subdivided into two broad categories. Quantitative methods are concerned with attempts to quantify social phenomena and collect and analyse numerical data, and focus on the links among a smaller number of attributes across many cases. Qualitative methods, on the other hand, emphasise personal experiences and interpretation over quantification, are more concerned with understanding the meaning of social phenomena and focus on links among a larger number of attributes across relatively few cases. While very different in many aspects, both qualitative and quantitative approaches involve a systematic interaction between theories and data.

Common tools of quantitative researchers include surveys, questionnaires, and secondary analysis of statistical data that has been gathered for other purposes (for example, censuses or the results of social attitudes surveys). Commonly used qualitative methods include focus groups, participant observation, and other techniques.

 

 

See also

 

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Planning, Writing and Completing Reports and Proposals
 
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A memorandum or memo is a document or other communication that helps the memory by recording events or observations on a topic, such as may be used in a business office. The plural form is either memoranda or memorandums, or memos for the short form.

A memorandum may have any format, or it may have a format specific to an office or institution. In law specifically, a memorandum is a record of the terms of a transaction or contract, such as a policy memo, memorandum of understanding, memorandum of agreement, or memorandum of association. Alternative formats include memos, briefing notes, reports, letters or binders. They could be one page long or many. If the user is a cabinet minister or a senior executive, the format might be rigidly defined and limited to one or two pages. If the user is a colleague, the format is usually much more flexible. At its most basic level, a memorandum can be a handwritten note to one's supervisor.

Dean Acheson famously quipped that "A memorandum is not written to inform the reader but to protect the writer". Charles Peters wrote that "bureaucrats write memoranda both because they appear to be busy when they are writing and because the memos, once written, immediately become proof that they were busy."[1]

 

A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is a legal document describing an agreement between parties. It expresses a convergence of will between the parties, indicating an intended common line of action, rather than a legal commitment. It is a more formal alternative to a gentlemen's agreement, but generally lacks the binding power of a contract.

In private law, MOU is a common synonym for a letter of intent (LOI). One example is the MOU between Bush and Kerry for the 2004 debates.

 

CE Delegation Template Memorandum of Understanding Template

 

In international relations, one of the advantages of MOUs over treaties is that the text of the MOU can be kept confidential. In addition, they can be put into effect in most countries without requiring ratification. MOUs are easier to modify and adapt than treaties which may require lengthy negotiating processes. The decision concerning ratification, however, is determined by the parties' internal law and depends to a large degree on the subject agreed upon. Although MOUs in the multilateral field are seldomly seen, the transnational aviation agreements are actually MOUs.

Examples include:

 

An Agenda is a list of points to be discussed at a meeting.

The agenda is usually headed with the date, time and location of the meeting, followed by a series of points outlining the order of the meeting.

Points on a typical agenda may include:

 

Minutes

 

Minutes are the instant written record of a meeting or hearing. They often give an overview of the structure of the meeting, starting with a list of those present, a statement of the various issues before the participants, and each of their responses thereto. They are often created at the moment of the hearing by a typist or court recorder at the meeting, who may record the meeting in shorthand, and then type the minutes and issue them to the participants afterwards. Alternatively, the meeting may be audiorecorded and the minutes typed later. The minutes of certain entities, such as a corporate board of directors, must be kept and are important legal documents.

 

An Annual Report is a document which a company presents at its Annual General Meeting for approval by its shareholders. The report normally includes a profit and loss account and balance sheet, as well as a directors' report and an auditor's report. In the case of larger companies, it is usually a sleek, colorful, high gloss publication.

The details provided in the report are of use to investors in gaining an understanding of the company's financial position and future direction.

In the United States, a more-detailed version of the report, called a Form 10-K, is submitted to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

1. ANNUALREPORTS.COM Leading provider of online annual reports to individual and institutional investors (no registration required).

2. Annual Report Service Database holding annual reports for a large number of corporations listed in the United States (registration required)

3. GetTheReport Database holding annual reports for the Dow-Jones and a number of European stock exchanges (site in German)

4. Annual reports of all Dutch listed companies

5. Score Find company annual reports in UK business libraries

6. Annual Report Management Service We will obtain, prepare, submit and file your company's Annual Reports with the Secretary of State.
Annual reports


   
 Planning, Writing, and Completing Oral Presentations
 
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Oral Presentations


 
The Business of Change and Conflict. Creativity and Visual Design. Communicating Information Through Visuals. Enhancing Presentations with Slides and Transparencies
 
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Readings

Visual Literacy is the set of skills involved in the interpretation and criticism of images. The concept of Visual literacy is also the ability to create/use images to communicate. Visual literacy is a field of study in academia, drawing on art history and criticism, psychology, semiotic, philosophy, information design and graphic design, and computer interface usability. It is also a goal of education paralleling linguistic literacy. The basic skills of visual literacy include the vocabulary of concepts necessary for understanding and discussing images and visual symbols. Visual literacy can also include rhetorical analysis of the ways different media convey their arguments or messages visually.

Visual literacy is not that concept that is linked only to modern mass media and new technologies. Animal drawnings in old caves, as fore example in the cave, more than 10.000 years ago in Lascaux, France, can be seen as sign of early visual literacy.

Related terms include information design, information graphics, educational animation, chartjunk, art history, art criticism, visual rhetoric.

Significant authors in visual literacy include Edward Tufte and others.

 

What to wear

Presentation is the process of presenting the content of a topic to an audience. Presentation software such as Microsoft PowerPoint, Keynote or OpenOffice.org Impress is often used to illustrate the presentation content.

 

See also

 

Scientific- (or data-), and Information Visualization are branches of computer graphics and user interface which are concerned with the presentation of interactive or animated digital images to users to understand data. For example, scientists interpret potentially huge quantities of laboratory or simulation data or the results from sensors out in the field to aid reasoning, hypothesis building and cognition. The field of data mining offers many abstract visualizations related to these visualization types. They are active research areas, drawing on theory in information graphics, computer graphics, human-computer interaction and cognitive science.

 

Information Visualization for Business

 

Knowledge Visualization is a subdiscipline of Information Design science. Knowledge Visualization aims to improve the creation and communication of knowledge by using computer and non-computer-based visualization techniques complementary. Examples of such visual formats are information graphics, sketches, diagrams, images, mind maps, interactive visualizations, dynamic visuals (animations), imaginary visualizations, story boards or even physical objects for inspection.

 

Knowledge Visualization

While information visualization concentrates on the use of computer-supported tools to explore large amount of abstract data, knowledge visualization focuses on the transfer of knowledge among persons. Beyond the mere transfer of facts, knowledge visualization aims to further transfer insights, experiences, attitudes, values, expectations, perspectives, opinions, and predictions by using various complementary visualizations. Dynamic forms of visualisation such as educational animation have the potential to enhance understandings of systems that change over time.

Knowledge Visualization has its roots in Information Design, Instructional Message Design, Pedagogy, Cognitive Psychology, Graphic Design, Visual Communication, Communication Sciences and Knowledge Management, where it is a key-issue to make knowledge visible so that it can be better identified, accessed, shared, discussed, applied, or generally be managed.

Related Research Areas

 

External Links

 

Multimedia is media that uses multiple forms of information content and information processing (e.g. text, audio, graphics, animation, video, interactivity) to inform or entertain the (user) audience. Multimedia also refers to the use of (but not limited to) electronic media to store and experience multimedia content. In fine art it is a synonym for traditional mixed media as well as technological new media (ArtLex, NWD). Rich media is also a synonym for multimedia. Multimedia is also a pleonasm as media is the plural of medium, hence it is a double plural.

 

Multimedia may be broadly divided into linear and non-linear categories. Linear active content progresses without any navigation control for the viewer such as a cinema presentation. Non-linear content offers user interactivity to control progress as used with a computer game or used in self-paced computer based training. Non-linear content is also known as hypermedia content.

The various formats of technological or digital multimedia may be intended to enhance the viewer's experience, for example to make it easier and faster to convey information. Or in entertainment or art, to transcend everyday experience.

Enhanced levels of interactivity are made possible by combining multiple forms of media content. Online multimedia is increasingly becoming object-oriented and data-driven, enabling applications with collaborative end-user innovation and personalization on multiple forms of content over time. Examples of these range from multiple forms of content of web sites like photo galleries with both images (pictures) and title (text) user-updated, to simulations whose co-efficients, events, illustrations, animations or videos are modifiable, allowing the multimedia "experience" to be altered without reprogramming.
Royalty Free Stock Photography

In 1965 the term Multi-media was used to describe the Exploding. Plastic. Inevitable., a performance that combined live rock music, cinema, experimental lighting and performance art.

The term "multimedia" is ambiguous. Static content (such as a paper book) may be considered multimedia if it contains both pictures and text or may be considered interactive if the user interacts by turning pages at will. Books may also be considered non-linear if the pages are accessed non-sequentially. The term "video", if not used exclusively to describe motion photography, is ambiguous in multimedia terminology. Video is often used to describe the file format, delivery format, or presentation format instead of the form of information content such as moving illustrations or still pictures. A single form of information content and single method of information processing may or may not be considered multimedia. Multiple forms of information content is often not considered multimedia if it doesn't contain all known forms of information content.

External links

 

Workshop

 

 

 
 Building Careers and Writing Résumés. Applying and Interviewing for Employment

Tutorials

Readings

 

Interviews: Types and Structure

 

interviewing: Principles and Practices

Interviewing: Principles and Practices, 10/e
Charles J. Stewart, Purdue University-West Lafayette
William B. Cash, National Louis University-Evanston

Video Clips

  • Nonverbal Messages
  • Defensive/Supportive Communication
  • Aggressive/Assertive Communication
  • The Employment Interview
  • Small Group Communication
  • Presentation Skills

 

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Recommended Texts

Business Communication Design, 2/e

Pamela A. Angell, Siena College

ISBN: 0072963611
Copyright year: 2007

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Business Communication Today

Business Communication Today, 8/E
 Courtland L. Bovee John V. Thill

Check the availability and buy your books from our Bookshop.

 

Intercultural Business Communication Intercultural Business Communication, 3/E

Lillian H. Chaney, The University of Memphis
Jeanette S. Martin, The University of Mississippi


ISBN: 0-13-141930-7
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Copyright: 2004
Format: Paper; 304 pp
Published: 06/05/2003

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Resources

 

 

 

Regional and Linguistic Diversity in Pakistan and Its Impact on Media and ICT Use

 

Communication Concepts Video Clips

Human Communication
Judy C. Pearson, North Dakota State University
Paul E. Nelson, North Dakota State University
Scott Titsworth, Ohio University, Athens
Lynn Harter, Ohio University, Athens

Video Series

Chapter 1: Exchanging Meaning (The Hospital)
Chapter 2: The Influence of Culture on Perception (The Right Kind of Care)
Chapter 3: Language in Action: The Debate on Cohabitation (On the Air with Campus Community Connection)
Chapter 4: Going to a Party with Nonverbal Communication (Sam's Graduation Party)
Chapter 5: Critically Listening to Persuasive Messages (On the Air with Campus Community Connection)
Chapter 6: Interpersonal Roles during Family Crises (The Hospital)
Chapter 7: Susan Elliott and Grandma go Intercultural (The Right Kind of Care)
Chapter 8: Interviews from Both Sides of the Desk (Reporting for KTNT: Susan Elliott and The Right Kind of Care)
Chapter 9: Susan, Claire, Enrique, and Mike: A Group in Action Part I(Senior Seminar)
Chapter 10: The Elliotts Encounter an Organization (The Hospital)
Chapter 11: In Front of the Camera (On the Air with Campus Community Connection)
Chapter 12: Susan Elliott's Strategies for Managing Communication Apprehension (Reporting for KTNT: Susan Elliott)
Chapter 13: Selecting a Topic for Campus Community Connection (Senior Seminar)
Chapter 14: Why Grandma is Worried about the Web (The Hospital)
Chapter 15: A Big Introduction (Reporting for KTNT: Susan Elliott)
Chapter 16: Delivery with a Punch (On the Air with Campus Community Connection and Reporting for KTNT: Susan Elliott)
Chapter 17: Campus Community Connection's Informative Purpose (Senior Seminar)
Chapter 18: Persuasive Appeals by Mr. Weiss and Dr. Stern (On the Air with Campus Community Connection)


Case Studies

CNN

The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner.[1][2] It is a division of the Turner Broadcasting System, owned by Time Warner. CNN introduced the idea of 24-hour television news coverage, and celebrated its 25th anniversary on June 1, 2005.

In terms of cumulative (Cume) Nielsen ratings, CNN rates as America's #1 cable news network; however, it is surpassed by Fox News in long-term viewers (Nielsen's Points ratings). CNN broadcasts primarily from its headquarters at the CNN Center in Atlanta, and from studios in New York City and Washington, DC. As of December 2004, it is available in 88.2 million U.S. households and more than 890,000 American hotel rooms. The U.S version of CNN is also shown in Canada. Globally, the network airs through CNN International and has combined branded networks and services that are available to more than 1.5 billion people in over 212 countries and territories.

 

See also

Royal Mail

Royal Mail is the national postal service of the United Kingdom. Historically, the Royal Mail was a government department, but it has been a state-owned company since 1969. Unlike other former state monopolies such as The Stationery Office, British Gas and British Telecom, Royal Mail was not privatised in the 1980s and 1990s, but remains a public limited company wholly owned by the UK government.

A wholly owned subsidiary of Royal Mail is Post Office Limited, which operates the national network of post offices. As the activities of Royal Mail have been reduced, so the network of post offices has contracted, much to the consternation of local communities, which rely on their services.

Royal Mail remains responsible for the universal mail collection and delivery service in the UK. Letters are deposited in a pillar or wall box, taken to a post office, or (by arrangement) collected in bulk from businesses. Deliveries are made once every day (except Sundays and Bank Holidays) at uniform charges for all destinations within the UK.

According to its annual report for the year ended 26 March 2006, Royal Mail delivers 84 million items every working day and has a network of 14,376 post offices. Revenue for the year was £9.056 billion, and profits before tax were £312 million.

 

See also

 

 

Online Academic, Business and Communication Resources

 

The Learning Centre

 

The following internet resources may be of use to you in this course. You will also find several hotlinks within the online course itself. Please be aware that internet addresses may change from time to time.