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Leadership is stated as the "process of social
influence in which one person can enlist the aid
and support of others in the accomplishment of a common
task."[1] Definitions
more inclusive of followers have also emerged. Alan
Keith stated that, "Leadership is ultimately about
creating a way for people to contribute to making something
extraordinary happen."[2]Tom
DeMarco says that leadership needs to be distinguished
from posturing.[3]
The following sections discuss several important aspects
of leadership including a description of what leadership
is and a description of several popular theories and styles
of leadership. This article also discusses topics such
as the role of emotions and vision, as well as leadership
effectiveness and performance, leadership in different
contexts, how it may differ from related concepts (i.e., management),
and some critiques of leadership as generally conceived.
Continual
Learning - Grasps the essence of new information; masters new
technical and business knowledge; recognizes own strengths and weaknesses;
pursues self-development; seeks feedback from others and opportunities
to master new knowledge.
Creativity
and Innovation - Develops new insights into situations
and applies innovative solutions to make organizational improvements;
creates a work environment that encourages creative thinking
and innovation; designs and implements new or cutting-edge
programs/processes.
External
Awareness - Identifies and keeps up to date on key national
and international policies and economic, political, and social
trends that affect the organization. Understands near-term
and long-range plans and determines how best to be positioned
to achieve a competitive business advantage in a global economy.
Flexibility - Is open to change and new information; adapts behavior and
work methods in response to new information, changing conditions,
or unexpected obstacles. Adjusts rapidly to new situations
warranting attention and resolution.
Resilience - Deals effectively with pressure; maintains focus and intensity
and remains optimistic and persistent, even under adversity.
Recovers quickly from setbacks. Effectively balances personal
life and work.
Service
Motivation - Creates and sustains an organizational culture
which encourages others to provide the quality of service essential
to high performance. Enables others to acquire the tools and support
they need to perform well. Shows a commitment to public service.
Influences others toward a spirit of service and meaningful contributions
to mission accomplishment.
Strategic
Thinking - Formulates effective strategies consistent with the
business and competitive strategy of the organization in a global
economy. Examines policy issues and strategic planning with a long-term
perspective. Determines objectives and sets priorities; anticipates
potential threats or opportunities.
Vision - Takes a long-term view and acts as a catalyst for organizational
change; builds a shared vision with others. Influences others to
translate vision into action.
Leading
People
Conflict
Management - Identifies and takes steps to prevent potential
situations that could result in unpleasant confrontations. Manages
and resolves conflicts and disagreements in a positive and constructive
manner to minimize negative impact.
Leveraging
Diversity - Recruits, develops, and retains a diverse high quality
workforce in an equitable manner. Leads and manages an inclusive
workplace that maximizes the talents of each person to achieve sound
business results. Respects, understands, values and seeks out individual
differences to achieve the vision and mission of the organization.
Develops and uses measures and rewards to hold self and others accountable
for achieving results that embody the principles of diversity.
Integrity/Honesty - Instills mutual trust and confidence; creates a culture that fosters
high standards of ethics; behaves in a fair and ethical manner toward
others, and demonstrates a sense of corporate responsibility and
commitment to public service.
Team
Building - Inspires, motivates, and guides others toward goal
accomplishments. Consistently develops and sustains cooperative
working relationships. Encourages and facilitates cooperation within
the organization and with customer groups; fosters commitment, team
spirit, pride, trust. Develops leadership in others through coaching,
mentoring, rewarding, and guiding employees.
Results
Driven
Accountability - Assures that effective controls are developed and maintained
to ensure the integrity of the organization. Holds self and
others accountable for rules and responsibilities. Can be
relied upon to ensure that projects within areas of specific
responsibility are completed in a timely manner and within
budget. Monitors and evaluates plans; focuses on results and
measuring attainment of outcomes.
Customer
Service - Balancing interests of a variety of clients;
readily readjusts priorities to respond to pressing and changing
client demands. Anticipates and meets the need of clients;
achieves quality end-products; is committed to continuous
improvement of services.
Decisiveness - Exercises good judgment by making sound and well-informed
decisions; perceives the impact and implications of decisions;
makes effective and timely decisions, even when data is limited
or solutions produce unpleasant consequences; is proactive
and achievement oriented.
Entrepreneur - Identifies opportunities to develop and market new products and
services within or outside of the organization. Is willing to take
risks; initiates actions that involve a deliberate risk to achieve
a recognized benefit or advantage.
Problem
Solving - Identifies and analyzes problems; distinguishes
between relevant and irrelevant information to make logical
decisions; provides solutions to individual and organizational
problems.
Technical
Credibility - Understands and appropriately applies procedures,
requirements, regulations, and policies related to specialized
expertise. Is able to make sound hiring and capital resource
decisions and to address training and development needs. Understands
linkages between administrative competencies and mission needs.
Business
Acumen
Financial
Management - Demonstrates broad understanding of principles
of financial management and marketing expertise necessary to ensure
appropriate funding levels. Prepares, justifies, and/or administers
the budget for the program area; uses cost-benefit thinking to set
priorities; monitors expenditures in support of programs and policies.
Identifies cost-effective approaches. Manages procurement and contracting.
Human
Resources Management - Assesses current and future staffing
needs based on organizational goals and budget realities. Using
merit principles, ensures staff are appropriately selected, developed,
utilized, appraised, and rewarded; takes corrective action.
Technology
Management - Uses efficient and cost-effective approaches to
integrate technology into the workplace and improve program effectiveness.
Develops strategies using new technology to enhance decision making.
Understands the impact of technological changes on the organization.
Influencing/Negotiating - Persuades others; builds consensus through give and take; gains
cooperation from others to obtain information and accomplish goals;
facilitates "win-win" situations.
Interpersonal
Skills - Considers and responds appropriately to the needs,
feelings, and capabilities of different people in different situations;
is tactful, compassionate and sensitive, and treats others with
respect.
Oral
Communication - Makes clear and convincing oral presentations
to individuals or groups; listens effectively and clarifies information
as needed; facilitates an open exchange of ideas and fosters an
atmosphere of open communication.
Partnering
- Develops networks and builds alliances, engages in cross-functional
activities; collaborates across boundaries, and finds common
ground with a widening range of stakeholders. Utilizes contacts
to build and strengthen internal support bases.
Political
Savvy - Identifies the internal and external politics
that impact the work of the organization. Approaches each
problem situation with a clear perception of organizational
and political reality; recognizes the impact of alternative
courses of action.
Written
Communication - Expresses facts and ideas in writing in
a clear, convincing and organized manner.
Recommended
Texts
Interpersonal
Communication
Competence and Contexts
Shelley Lane
Nov 2007, Paperback, 416 pages
ISBN13: 9780205453597
ISBN10: 0205453597
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